بررسی تأثیر عوامل محیطی بر توسعه‌ی کارآفرینی اجتماعی با تأکید بر نقش میا نجی عوامل نهادی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کاندید دکتری، گروه کارآفرینی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول) Email: Hosseininia@ut.ac.ir

3 استاد، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران

چکیده

در دو دهه گذشته مفهوم کارآفرینی اجتماعی و توسعه­ آن محبوبیت بسیاری پیدا کرده است؛ تا جایی که امروزه به یکی از حوزه­های مهم پژوهشی تبدیل شده است. سخن از توسعه کارآفرینی اجتماعی بدون در نظر گرفتن عوامل محیطی در برگیرنده آن و مجموعه عواملی که به ترویج و تقویت آن منجر می­شود، سخنی ناقص خواهد بود. عوامل محیطی و متغیرهای نهادی، نقش اساسی و عمده­ای را به­عنوان عامل ارتقا و محرک کارآفرینان اجتماعی در راستای اقدام به توسعه کارآفرینی اجتماعی دارا هستند. تاکنون پژوهش­های متعددی بر روی عوامل تأثیرگذار بر روی کارآفرینی اجتماعی انجام شده است و یافته­های هرکدام، بخشی از بدنه دانشی این حوزه مطالعاتی را تشکیل داده است. با این­حال، مطابق ادعای همان مطالعات و البته مطالعه عمیق ادبیات حوزه، همچنان شکاف‌های ادبی بسیاری را در آن نشان می­دهد. در این راستا، مرتفع نمودن یکی از این موارد و بررسی ساختارگرایانه­ نقش عوامل محیطی و عوامل نهادی در توسعه کارآفرینی اجتماعی هدف پژوهش حاضر قرار گرفت. در این راستا در جامعه­ آماری از اساتید رشته کارآفرینی اجتماعی و کارکنان زیرمجموعه معاونت توسعه کارآفرینی و اشتغال وزارت تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی با تعداد 142 نمونه و با استفاده از ابزار پرسش‌نامه و روش مدل­سازی معادلات ساختاری به سنجش مدلی در راستای بررسی نقش عوامل محیطی و نقش میانجی عوامل نهادی در توسعه­ کارآفرینی اجتماعی پرداخته شد. نتایج پژوهش، مؤید تأثیر مستقیم عوامل محیطی بر توسعه کارآفرینی اجتماعی در سه سطح خُرد، میانی و کلان است. همچنین، برای اولین بار در پژوهش­های این حوزه مطالعاتی، نقش عوامل نهادی به­عنوان متغیر میانجی در تعریف ارتباط میان عوامل محیطی با توسعه کارآفرینی اجتماعی سنجیده و تأیید گردید. در انتها، دلالت­های گوناگون نظری و کاربردی نتایج پژوهش، بیان محدودیت­های پژوهش و مسیرهای پیشنهادی برای تحقیقات آتی ذکر شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Examining the Impact of Environmental Factors on the Development of Social Entrepreneurship: Emphasizing the Mediating Role of Institutional Factors

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Mousavi 1
  • Gholamhossein Hosseininia 2
  • Mortaza Moosakhani 3
1 PhD Candidate, Department of Entrepreneurship, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author).
3 Professor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
چکیده [English]

Over the past two decades, the concept of social entrepreneurship and its development has gained considerable popularity, to the extent that it has become one of the important fields of academic research. Discussing the development of social entrepreneurship without considering the surrounding environmental factors and the set of conditions that contribute to its promotion and reinforcement would be incomplete. Environmental factors and institutional variables play a fundamental and significant role as drivers and facilitators that encourage social entrepreneurs to engage in the development of social entrepreneurship. Numerous studies have so far examined the factors influencing social entrepreneurship, and the findings of each have contributed to the body of knowledge in this field. Nevertheless, as acknowledged by these studies and supported by an in-depth review of the literature, substantial theoretical gaps still remain. Accordingly, the present study aims to address one of these key gaps by structurally examining the role of environmental and institutional factors in the development of social entrepreneurship. To this end, using a statistical population consisting of university professors in social entrepreneurship and employees of the Deputy for Entrepreneurship Development and Employment of the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labour, and Social Welfare, a sample of 142 respondents was selected. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using structural equation modeling to examine the impact of environmental factors and the mediating role of institutional factors in the development of social entrepreneurship. The results confirm the direct effect of environmental factors on the development of social entrepreneurship at the micro, meso, and macro levels. Moreover, for the first time in studies within this research domain, the mediating role of institutional factors in defining the relationship between environmental factors and the development of social entrepreneurship was empirically examined and validated. Finally, the study presents the theoretical and practical implications of the findings, outlines the research limitations, and proposes directions for future research.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Social Entrepreneurship
  • Entrepreneurship Development
  • Environmental Factors
  • Institutional Factors
  • Structural Equation Modeling

مراجع

  • حسینی­نیا، غلامحسین؛ موسی­خانی، مرتضی؛ یعقوبی، احمد؛ موسوی، سیده­زهرا (1400). ارائه مدل یکپارچه عوامل موثر بر توسعه کارآفرینی اجتماعی با رویکرد داده­بنیاد، فصلنامه­ آینده­پژوهشی راهبردی، 1(1)، 35-62.
  • عرب، عباس (1390). نقش سبک رهبری تحولی مدیران در پیش‌بینی کارآفرینی اجتماعی کارکنان: مطالعه تطبیقی دانشگاه‌های دولتی با دانشگاه‌های غیردولتی مشهد، پایان­نامه مقطع کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد: دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی.
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مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی دفاع ملی
دوره 9، شماره 35
آذر 1404
صفحه 9-46

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